וַ‎（וְ）

Hebrew｜wa｜and

---

Part-of-speech: conjunction
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[f.ab.aa] [519]

---

[ו] [GES1991] [BDB2226] [HAL2241]

יָּ֣מָת‎（מוּת）

Hebrew｜yyˈāmoṯ｜die

---

Part-of-speech: verb
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: third person
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: wayyiqtol
Verbal stem: qal

---

[H4191] [m.be.aa] [1169]

---

[מות] [GES4114] [BDB4585] [HAL4514]

שָׁא֗וּל‎（שָׁאוּל）

Hebrew｜šāʔˈûl｜Saul

---

Part-of-speech: proper noun
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: not applicable
State: absolute
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H7586] [v.ag.ac]

---

[שאול] [GES7542] [BDB8312] [HAL8232]

בְּ‎（בְּ）

Hebrew｜bᵊ｜in

---

Part-of-speech: preposition
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[b.ab.aa] [193]

---

[ב] [GES855] [BDB923] [HAL939]

מַֽעֲלֹו֙‎（מַעַל）

Hebrew｜mˈaʕᵃlô｜unfaithfulness

---

Part-of-speech: noun
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: not applicable
State: absolute
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H4604] [H4603] [m.cz.ab] [1230a]

---

[מעל] [GES4518] [BDB5044] [HAL4956]

אֲשֶׁ֣ר‎（אֲשֶׁר）

Hebrew｜ʔᵃšˈer｜[relative]

---

Part-of-speech: conjunction
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H834] [a.gk.aa] [184]

---

[אשר] [GES812] [BDB872] [HAL890]

מָעַ֣ל‎（מָעַל）

Hebrew｜māʕˈal｜be unfaithful

---

Part-of-speech: verb
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: third person
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: perfect
Verbal stem: qal

---

[H4603] [H4604] [m.cz.aa] [1230]

---

[מעל] [GES4520] [BDB5045] [HAL4953]

בַּֽ‎（בְּ）

Hebrew｜bˈa｜in

---

Part-of-speech: preposition
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[b.ab.aa] [193]

---

[ב] [GES855] [BDB923] [HAL939]

יהוָ֔ה‎（יהוה）

Hebrew｜[yhwˈāh]｜YHWH

---

Part-of-speech: proper noun
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: not applicable
State: absolute
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H3068] [e.az.ae] [484a]

---

[יהוה] [GES2969] [BDB3312] [HAL3292]

עַל‎（עַל）

Hebrew｜ʕal-｜upon

---

Part-of-speech: preposition
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H5921] [k.bg.ac] [1624p]

---

[על] [GES5848] [BDB6471] [HAL6395]

דְּבַ֥ר‎（דָּבָר）

Hebrew｜dᵊvˌar｜word

---

Part-of-speech: noun
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: not applicable
State: construct
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H1697] [d.ai.ab] [399a]

---

[דבר] [GES1603] [BDB1811] [HAL1822]

יְהוָ֖ה‎（יהוה）

Hebrew｜[yᵊhwˌāh]｜YHWH

---

Part-of-speech: proper noun
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: not applicable
State: absolute
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H3068] [e.az.ae] [484a]

---

[יהוה] [GES2969] [BDB3312] [HAL3292]

אֲשֶׁ֣ר‎（אֲשֶׁר）

Hebrew｜ʔᵃšˈer｜[relative]

---

Part-of-speech: conjunction
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H834] [a.gk.aa] [184]

---

[אשר] [GES812] [BDB872] [HAL890]

לֹא‎（לֹא）

Hebrew｜lō-｜not

---

Part-of-speech: negative particle
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H3808] [l.ab.aa] [1064]

---

[לא] [GES3708] [BDB4137] [HAL4092]

שָׁמָ֑ר‎（שָׁמַר）

Hebrew｜šāmˈār｜keep

---

Part-of-speech: verb
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: third person
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: perfect
Verbal stem: qal

---

[H8104] [v.ef.aa] [2414]

---

[שמר] [GES8060] [BDB8867] [HAL8805]

וְ‎（וְ）

Hebrew｜wᵊ｜and

---

Part-of-speech: conjunction
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[f.ab.aa] [519]

---

[ו] [GES1991] [BDB2226] [HAL2241]

גַם‎（גַּם）

Hebrew｜ḡam-｜even

---

Part-of-speech: adverb
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H1571] [c.ck.ab] [361a]

---

[גם] [GES1466] [BDB1671] [HAL1690]

לִ‎（לְ）

Hebrew｜li｜to

---

Part-of-speech: preposition
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[l.aa.ab] [1063]

---

[ל] [GES3706] [BDB4135] [HAL4089]

שְׁאֹ֥ול‎（שָׁאַל）

Hebrew｜šᵊʔˌôl｜ask

---

Part-of-speech: verb
Gender: unknown
Number: unknown
Person: unknown
State: absolute
Verbal tense: infinitive (construct)
Verbal stem: qal

---

[H7592] [v.ag.aa] [2303]

---

[שאל] [GES7549] [BDB8320] [HAL8238]

בָּ‎（בְּ）

Hebrew｜bā｜in

---

Part-of-speech: preposition
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[b.ab.aa] [193]

---

[ב] [GES855] [BDB923] [HAL939]

‎（הַ）

Hebrew｜｜the

---

Part-of-speech: article
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[e.ab.aa] [459]

---

[ה] [GES1804] [BDB2019] [HAL2031]

אֹ֖וב‎（אֹוב）

Hebrew｜ʔˌôv｜spirit of dead

---

Part-of-speech: noun
Gender: masculine
Number: singular
Person: not applicable
State: absolute
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[H178] [a.bp.ab] [37a]

---

[אוב] [GES178] [BDB191] [HAL197]

לִ‎（לְ）

Hebrew｜li｜to

---

Part-of-speech: preposition
Gender: not applicable
Number: not applicable
Person: not applicable
State: not applicable
Verbal tense: not applicable
Verbal stem: not applicable

---

[l.aa.ab] [1063]

---

[ל] [GES3706] [BDB4135] [HAL4089]

דְרֹֽושׁ‎（דָּרַשׁ）

Hebrew｜ḏᵊrˈôš｜inquire

---

Part-of-speech: verb
Gender: unknown
Number: unknown
Person: unknown
State: absolute
Verbal tense: infinitive (construct)
Verbal stem: qal

---

[H1875] [d.cm.aa] [455]

---

[דרש] [GES1793] [BDB2009] [HAL2018]

Chapter X.

¹ Sauls ouerthrow and death. ⁸ The Philistines triumph ouer Saul. ¹¹ The kindnes of

[His death.]

Iabesh Gilead, towards Saul and his sonnes. ¹³ Sauls sinne for which the kingdome was translated from him to Dauid.
1 Nowe [ 1Sa_31:1-2 .] the Philistines fought against Israel, and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell downe [ Or, wounded.] slaine in mount Gilboa.
2 And the Philistines followed hard after Saul, and after his sonnes, and the Philistines slew Ionathan, and [ Or, Ieshui, 1Sa_14:49 .] Abinadab, and Malchishua, the sonnes of Saul.
3 And the battell went sore against Saul, and the [ Hebrew: shooters with bowes.] archers [ Hebrew: found him.] hit him, and he was wounded of the archers.
4 Then saide Saul to his armour bearer, Draw thy sword, and thrust me through therewith, lest these vncircumcised come, and [ Or, mocke me.] abuse mee: but his armour bearer would not, for he was sore afraid. So Saul tooke a sword, and fell vpon it.
5 And when his armour bearer saw that Saul was dead, hee fell likewise on the sword, and died.
6 So Saul died, and his three sonnes, and all his house died together.
7 And when all the men of Israel that were in the valley, saw that they fled, and that Saul and his sonnes were dead: then they forsooke their cities, and fled, and the Philistines came and dwelt in them.
8 And it came to passe on the morrow, when the Philistines came to strip the slaine, that they found Saul and his sonnes fallen in mount Gilboa.
9 And when they had stripped him, they tooke his head, and his armour, and sent into the land of the Philistines round about, to cary tidings vnto their idoles, and to the people.
10 And they put his armour in the house of their gods, and fastened his head in the temple of Dagon.
11 And when all Iabesh Gilead heard all that the Philistines had done to Saul:
12 They arose, all the valiant men, and tooke away the body of Saul, and the bodies of his sonnes, and brought them to Iabesh, and buried their bones vnder the oke in Iabesh, and fasted seuen dayes.
13 So Saul died for his transgression which hee [ Hebrew: transgressed.] committed against the Lord, [ 1Sa_15:23 .] euen against the word of the

[Dauid made King.]

Lord which he kept not, and also for asking counsel of one that had a familiar spirit, [ 1Sa_28:7 .] to enquire of it:
14 And enquired not of the Lord: therefore he slew him, and turned the kingdome vnto Dauid the sonne of [ Hebrew: Isai.] Iesse.

2. Historia de David (c.10-29).

Muerte de Saúl (10:1-14 = 1Sa_31:1-13).
1Los filisteos dieron la batalla a Israel, y los hombres de Israel huyeron ante los filisteos, y cayeron muchos muertos en el monte de Gelboé. 2 Los filisteos persiguieron a Saúl y a sus hijos, y mataron a Jonatán, Abinadab y Malquisúa, hijos de Saúl. 3El peso de la batalla cargó sobre Saúl; y viéndose descubierto por los arqueros, se apoderó de él la angustia ante sus dardos 4 Entonces dijo Saúl a su escudero: Saca tu espada y traspásame con ella, no vengan esos incircuncisos y me escarnezcan· pero su escudero no quiso por temor. Entonces tomo Saúl sií espada y se echó sobre ella. 5El escudero de Saúl, viéndole muerto, se echó también sobre su espada, y murió. 6Así perecieron Saúl y sus tres hijos, pereciendo con ellos toda su casa 7Todos los de Israel que estaban en el valle, viendo que habían huido los hombres y que Saúl y sus hijos eran muertos, dejaron sus ciudades para ponerse también en fuga, y los filisteos se apoderaron de ellos. 8Al día siguiente vinieron los filisteos para despojar a los muertos, y hallaron a Saúl y a sus hijos caídos en el monte de Gelboé. 9Los despojaron y se llevaron su cabeza y sus armas, e hicieron pregonar las buenas noticias por toda la tierra de los filisteos a sus ídolos y al pueblo. 10Pusieron las armas de Saúl en el templo de su dios, y colgaron su cabeza en el templo de Dagón. 11 En Jabes Galaad, al saber lo que los filisteos habían hecho con Saúl, 12 se le levantaron todos los hombres útiles, y tomaron el cuerpo de Saúl y los de sus hijos y los transportaron a Jabes, y allí los sepultaron bajo la encina de Jabes, y ayunaron por siete días. 13Murió Saúl porque se había hecho culpable de infidelidad hacia Yahvé, cuyas palabras no guardó, y por haber preguntado y consultado a los evocadores de los muertos. 14No obedeció a Yahvé, y Yahvé le mató y transfirió el reino a David, hijo de Isaí.

Salvo leves diferencias, se reproduce el texto de 1 Sam relativo a la muerte de Saúl, hecho que da paso a David al trono de Israel.

El fracaso del primer rey. De los 23 capítulos que 1 Sam. dedica al reinado de Saúl (9-31), el cronista omite 22. Simplemente cuenta la historia de la muerte de Saúl, y añade dos versículos propios (13, 14). A él no le importa ni el declive gradual de las vicisitudes de Saúl ni las de su familia después de su muerte (2 Sam. 1-4); por lo que concierne al reino, la dinastía de Saúl terminó en el monte Gilboa (6). La infidelidad a Dios de Saúl (13, 14) es importante por más de una razón. Hace resaltar la fidelidad de David. Este, a diferencia de Saúl, es el hombre según el corazón de Dios (1 Sam. 13:14; el cronista no cita la frase porque su retrato total de David la va a ilustrar). Es la obediencia de David que sólo puede dar marcha atrás a los malos resultados de la desobediencia de Saúl. De modo que si algunas experiencias recientes (en el caso de los lectores del cronista, el exilio) tienen un paralelo con las del reinado de Saúl (7; 5:25, 26; 9:1b), entonces la manera de restaurarlas se debe aprender por el reino de David (2 Crón. 33:8).

Así murió Saúl por su rebelión con que prevaricó contra Jehová, contra la palabra de Jehová, la cual no guardó,^a y porque consultó a una adivina,^b

^a 1Sa 13:8-14; 1Sa 15:1-24.

^b Lev 19:31; Lev 20:6; 1Sa 28:7-8.

→ 1Sa 13:13; 1Sa 15:23; 1Sa 15:28; 1Sa 28:7; Lev 19:31; Lev 20:6.

a Lev 19:31; Lev 20:6; 1Sa 13:13-14; 1Sa 15:23; 1Sa 28:7

Muerte de Saúl. El Cronista sigue a 1Sa_31:1-13 que narra la batalla de Gelboé, donde muere Saúl. Con la muerte de Saúl a causa de su infidelidad al Señor -que supone conocer 1 Sm 28-, el autor quiere resaltar y dar mayor gloria al reinado de David. Nada se dice de la dimensión humana de Saúl y el papel de Samuel.

1Sa 15:11-28; 1Sa 28:11-19.

13 b. Por.
c. La palabra del Señor.
d. El paréntesis falta en el H.

Dios Habla Hoy 1996 Notes:

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[1] Filisteos.